Copernicus and the Trial of Galileo

There are two theories of the solar system, heliocentric and geocentric. The first theory was Geocentrism, the idea that the Earth was the center of the universe and all the planets revolve around the Earth. During the Scientific Revolution, a man named Nicolaus Copernicus came up with Heliocentrism, the idea that the sun was the center of the solar system, not the Earth. Copernicus' theory was in fact the correct one.
The trial of Galileo was an example of science vs. religion. The church accused Galileo of heresy, crimes against the church. The church said the theory of heliocentrism went against the words of the bible. They thought since Jesus descended to Earth to become man, it was fitting that the Earth was the center around which all other things moved.

Scientific Revolution: The Scientific Method

The Scientific Method was an idea that was developed in the late 1500's. It is a process of challenging ideas and theories. Before this idea, people would just believe a theory without understanding the thought behind it. Scientists started to use the Scientific Method to test theories and ideas to see if they could prove or disprove them.
Like for example, if you wanted to prove that plants grow faster with sunlight. You would first observe two plants, one given sunlight and one not given sunlight. You would then analyze the growth of the plants over a time period and track it. Then according to the data you gathered, you would decide if your hypothesis is true or not. You can do the Scientific Method as many times as you need to until you come up with a definite answer.

Evolution vs. Creation

- Evolution is the theory that all life comes from a common ancestor. Mutation and adaption took place over hundreds of millions of years. Many people had ideas about Evolution, but Charles Darwin came up with the first modern theory.